C&O Canal Towpath
The C&O Canal Towpath is 185 miles of incredible history and bustling energy that has become a popular self-guided biking route. It also connects with the Great Allegheny Passage for those wanting a longer adventure.
C&O 4 Day Tour
The C&O Canal Towpath is a must-ride trail for all bike travelers. Book your 4 day vacation and have plenty of time for relaxing and riding!
View TripC&O 5 Day Tour
The C&O Canal Towpath is a must-ride trail for all bike travelers. Book your 5 day vacation and have plenty of time for relaxing and riding!
View TripC&O Canal Towpath
Go at your own pace, build your own bike tour, make your next trip on the C&O Canal Towpath your very own! Bike Tour Blueprints give you all the tools a rider needs to create an exceptional journey.
View BlueprintAbout the C&O Canal Towpath
What’s the C&O Canal Towpath?
Hugging the north bank of the Potomac River from Washington, D.C. to Cumberland, the Chesapeake & Ohio Canal operated from 1831 to 1924 to transport coal from the Allegheny Mountains. In 1954, U.S. Supreme Court Justice William O. Douglas led an eight-day hike along the C&O Canal Towpath to try and save it from being transformed into a parkway. His success saw the former canal designated as the Chesapeake & Ohio National Historic Park in 1971.
Riding the C&O
The C&O Canal Towpath is a dirt surface and bumpy, similar to a forest road, and is managed by the National Park Service. There is little to no grade on the towpath beyond the slight elevation changes at each lock. The majority of the trail is shaded and it is entirely off-road.
Trail Highlights
The C&O Towpath lead through Civil War-era national parks and battlefields; historic stone aqueducts; and the nation’s capital, Washington, D.C.
A Comfortable Pace
Our C&O Canal Towpath itineraries are designed to give you ample time to take in the sights along the way and experience the region’s natural beauty. It’s also possible to add on an extra time around sites like Antietam National Battlefield.
Riding the C&O Canal Towpath
C&O Canal Towpath tours are offered between April and October. This schedule is dictated by weather and trail conditions. Most riders choose to ride between May and October.
Spring on the C&O is a wonderful way to restart your cycling season. April and the start of May can have periods of rain followed by periods of gorgeous spring sunshine. Spring flowers are found all along the trail and add a special color to your trip.
Summer is ideal for riders who love the long days, sunny and dry weather. Long sunny days allow for full days of biking, side trips, and socializing.
September and October is peak season on the trail – groups should book trips at least 9 months in advance when possible. Fall foliage occurs generally in mid to late October, although exact dates do vary each year.
Bike rental can be included in this tour (Cumberland start only) through WheelzUp Adventures. Ebike rental is also available. Ask about their DC drop off fee.
C&O Canal tours start in Cumberland and end in D.C. We find this direction works best for the flow of the tour and travel logistics. The towpath slopes gradually eastward and riding in this direction means your tour is essentially all downhill.
Most tours start in Cumberland and riders can utilize Amtrak or the local parking facilities for arrival. If driving to the trail, most riders find the parking at the Cumberland end much easier, however, some may prefer to drive in and out of D.C. – we recommend using the economy lot at the Regan National Airport. Those flying into D.C. can meet a shuttle to drive them to Cumberland at the start of their tour, rather than the end. The shuttle can be scheduled for any time before the start of your ride.
Our trip coordinators are happy to discuss different scenarios to determine which starting and ending location will work best for you.
The C&O Canal Towpath is maintained by the National Park Service as more of a dirt trail/road, although improvements to the trail surface have been underway for the past several years. That said, riders will find the western end of the C&O from Cumberland to Little Orleans (where the Western Maryland Rail Trail can be accessed) to be bumpy and sometimes muddy and rutted.
Overall, the towpath is not technically difficult to ride, but you will feel the vibrations and over time it can become taxing. You pace on the C&O Towpath will likely be slower than you expect, and we recommend planning your mileage and equipment with the bumpiest part of the C&O in mind.
The C&O Towpath is a linear park and as such the NPS maintains hiker-biker campgrounds with port-a-johns and water pumps (these are sometimes capped) every 8-10 miles. There are several larger towns accessed from the C&O offering a variety of restaurants and lodgings.
Cell coverage is fairly strong on the entire trail, particularly Verizon. Wifi can be limited, although most B&Bs and hotels will offer the service. *There is no wifi and limited cell service around Paw Paw.
The best bike for the C&O Canal Towpath is a hybrid/touring/gravel bike with at least 32 mm-wide tires with tread; 40+ wide tires are even better. We discourage the use of road bikes and tires on the C&O Towpath, where narrower tires can more easily puncture and lose traction on the soft/muddy surface. Many parts of the towpath are similar to a dirt road and there is a mounded, grassy middle berm down the center.
Trikes and bikes with trailers which have tires running along the middle of the trail can find the center berm to be an issue. That said, we have had riders successfully complete the trail on tandems, trikes, recumbents and other non-standard frames, keeping in mind tire choice other accommodations they may need to make for a dirt trail.
Remember that if you are riding with loaded panniers, the added weight will affect your tire traction. If trail conditions are wet and you are running a loaded bike, a wider tire (or less inflated tire) is recommended so you don’t sink into the trail too much, making pedaling more difficult.
Have a question about this tour?
Our professional team is happy to answer any questions you may have regarding our tours.
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